Creatine intake boosts the energy level to the muscle cells with creatine phosphate replenishing ATP. It reduces the recovery time after a tiring workout, and increases energy and muscle mass. Creatine does not create bloating or stress on kidneys as were earlier believed. It is sold in a variety of forms such as creatine ester and creatine monohydrate. Their dosage and price varies.
High intensity athletic performance is increased with creatine supplements. It is a source of energy to skeletal muscles. Researchers in Harvard University discovered in 1912 that intake of creatine increased the creatine content in the muscles. In the 1920s scientists further discovered that intramuscular storage of creatine increased with larger intake of creatine, creatine played a key role in metabolism of skeletal muscles, creatine was formed naturally in vertebrates and also discovered creatine phosphate. Since then it was observed that creatine actually boosted the physical performance. Creatine began to be used by athletes and sports. 95
Creatine supplements began to be commercialized only from 1993 and became available in the market. Experimental and Applied Sciences (EAS) of Britain introduced Phosphagen, the first creatine product to be launched. It was discovered that creatine muscle performance as well as stores increased with the consumption of high glycemic carbohydrates with creatine. Cell-Tech was the first creatine-carbohydrate-alpha lipoic acid supplement to be launched. It was introduced by MuscleTech Research and Development. Intake of Alpha lipoic acid increased the levels of muscle phosphocreatine as well as total muscle creatine concentrations. Creatine ethyl ester supplements were introduced first in 2004. The most popular forms of creatine are the creatine monohydrate and creatine ethyl ester-based supplements. These are offered as separate products or in combined form. It has been reported by researchers that creatine monohydrate provides more creatine than creatine ethyl ester. These are consumed in the form of powder that is mixed into a drink or as caplet or capsule. There are many products in the market such as the BSN CellMass.
There was an increase of 20 percent in the level of phosphocreatine in the muscles when creatine was ingested. Creatine increases the activity of satellite cells that makes possible the muscle hypertrophy. Most governing sport authorities do not list creatine in their banned list as its consumption is not equated with doping. Considered to be safe both in short and long term use, creatine is suggested not to be consumed by those ailing from renal diseases.
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